Reservations in Civil Service Exam

Category	Reservation	Remarks
General(EWS)	10%	EWS = Economically Weaker Sections
SC	15%	OBC,SC & ST total = 49.5%
ST	7.5%
OBC	27%	Creamy layer excluded
PWD	34	Person with Disability

Around 10% from SC, ST & OBC students also qualify within the General category. They are not counted for the purpose of reservations.

Records from earlier exams show that an average 9.15 per cent OBC, SC and ST candidates secure enough to qualify in the General Category. This means 58.65 seats go to SC, ST and OBC candidates. After adding the 10 per cent EWS quote this number will go up to 68.65 per cent leaving just 31.35 per cent for general merit.

Data revealed by the UPSC show that number of OBC/SC/ST qualifying in General category is going down. While it was 10.21 and 11.52 per cent in 2008 and 2009 it has gone down to 9.09 and 6.34 per cent in 2016 and 2017.

Many OBC candidates get as much marks as their general category counterparts but very few ST qualify without reservation. For example, in 2017, 67 OBC candidates qualified without quota but just one ST candidate could do it. 9 SC candidates also qualified without reservation.

Year wise number of vacancies-civil services exam- OBC,SC & ST, General categroy

Year	Total Vacancies	OBC qualified as General	SC qualified as General	ST qualified as General	OBC/SC/ST qualified as General	% of Total OBC/SC/ST qualified as General
2008	881	74	11	5	90	10.21
2009	989	88	18	8	114	11.52
2010	1043	94	23	4	121	11.60
2011	1001	72	12	7	91	9.09
2012	1091	75	11	6	92	8.43
2013	1228	88	13	4	105	8.55
2014	1364	105	19	3	127	9.31
2015	1164	74	8	4	86	7.38
2016	1209	87	20	3	110	9.09
2017	1056	57	9	1	67	6.34

Reservations for Physically Handicapped

The UPSC gives relaxations and reservations to aspirants who are differently-abled in the form of age limit relaxations, reservation of certain posts and special provisions for exam centers. However, differently-abled people cannot apply to all of the services in the Civil Services. To see which UPSC posts have what eligibility please see details in that particular service.

Out of a total of around 712 vacancies announced for 2021, 22 vacancies are reserved for the Persons with Benchmark Disability Category. Only candidates who have a disability of 40% or above are eligible. The date of issue of the disability certificate should be before the last date of applying for the UPSC prelims exam.

UPSC pwd category

Persons with Benchmark Disabilities (PwBDs)* - Horizontal Reservation (a) Blindness and low vision; (b) Deaf and hard of hearing; (c) Locomotor disability including cerebral palsy, leprosy cured, dwarfism, acid attack victims and muscular dystrophy; (d) Autism, intellectual disability, specific learning disability and mental illness; (e) Multiple disabilities from amongst persons under clauses (a) to (d) including deafblindness

Physically Handicapped Subcategory (PWD - Person With Disability)	Number of Vacancies
locomotor disability including cerebral palsy, leprosy cured, dwarfism, acid attack victims and muscular dystrophy	8
Blind and Low Vision	7
deaf and hard of hearing	11
Multiple Disabilities	8
Total	34

Reservation for Economically Weaker Sections (EWS)

On 5th Feb 2020, the government of India announced 10% reservation under Economically Weaker Section (EWS) category for those persons who are not covered under the existing scheme of reservations for the Scheduled Castes, the Scheduled Tribes and the Socially and Educationally Backward Classes.  No relaxation in age, number of attempts, fees etc. is available to such.

The Constitution (One Hundred and Third Amendment) Act 2019 passed by the Parliament of India enables the State (i.e both the Central and State Governments) to provide reservation to the Economically Weaker Sections (EWS) of the society. Whether or not to provide reservation under the EWS for appointment in State Government jobs and for admission to State Government educational institutions is to be decided by the concerned State Government.

Eligibility for reservation under EWS?

Following are the eligibility conditions for candidates to claim EWS reservation.

• A ‘general’ candidate not covered under reservation for SC, ST or OBC.
• Family’s gross annual income should be below Rs. 8 lakhs for the previous financial year.
• The family that includes parents and siblings or spouses below 18 years of age, should not own agricultural land of size 5 acres or above.
• The family should also not own a residential flat of area 1000 square feet or above.
• Nor should the family own a residential plot
  • In notified municipalities - of area 100 square yards or more
  • In other than in notified municipalities of area 200 square yards or more.

You can get the EWS certificate from your local government authority (Tehsil). The certificate is called an ‘Income and Assets Certificate’, and this is the proof that is required to avail the EWS reservation.

Difference between EWS and Creamy Layer

The OBC reservations are meant for backward classes and have 27./. reservation and exclude the creamy layer who are rich. In contrast the EWS is an inclusion of those that are not rich into the general category by giving them a 10% reservation within the general class. Another difference between EWS and OBC reservations is that in determining the family income for reservations, in the case of OBC candidates, the income of the spouse is not included. In contrast, it is included in the case of EWS reservation.